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Car Seats by AgeCar seats are available in a variety shapes and sizes and shapes, but they’re all designed to safeguard children according to their age. Children should use their car seat until they are at the maximum weight or height limit set by the manufacturer. Then, they can use a booster until the belts are properly fitted, usually when they are between 10 and 12 years old, or 4 feet 9 inches tall.When shopping for a new car seat, take into consideration features like fabric that is resistant to staining, pieces that are removable and can be washed by machines, and hardware that wipes clean.Rear-facingRear-facing car seats hold babies and toddlers, securing their delicate spines and necks in the event of a collision. They are also safer as they disperse the force of an impact over a greater area. This limits the risk of injuries to the spinal cord.Parents are often enticed to change their children to forward-facing car seats before they’re ready, but the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends to keep them rear-facing as long as it is possible. This means they should be moved to a forward-facing seat only after they’ve reached the height or weight limit of their current car seat, as stated by the manufacturer.Children’s head are large in relation to their bodies and growing. This makes them vulnerable to injury in a crash. A child’s head is capable of generating up to 25 times their body weight in an accident that is more than enough force to cause a fatal injury. That’s why young children are at the highest risk of sustaining fatal head injuries when they sit in a front-facing car seat.Many parents believe that their children have stronger necks than their older children, meaning they’ll be able to transition to an forward-facing car seat faster. But it’s important to remember that a child who is in the 95th percentile isn’t any more powerful than a 5th percentile kid, and no amount of teen push-ups can change this. In the case of a car accident, a larger child’s head will likely be hit with more force. This can result in brain and spinal cord injury.When your child outgrows their infant car seat, you can switch to a convertible seat that lets them remain rear-facing until they reach the maximum height or weight limit. Children typically reach their height limit first. Therefore, it is important to follow the instructions of the car seat manufacturer on when to switch them to forward-facing mode.If your child is at the weight limit or height of their convertible car seat, you’ll need to get them into a booster seat. Most booster seats come with an indicator that indicates the angle to let you know that the seat is correctly installed and is ready to be turned to forward-facing mode. Use a booster only in the back of your vehicle and always wear a seat belt (never shoulder belts) to ensure the best security for your child.Forward-facingParents are often enticed to change their baby’s car seat around as they grow older, because it is more convenient. However, they must remember that rear-facing is a safer option for children.A baby who is facing forward in the car seat puts their necks in danger in the event of a crash, as the head can be thrown by force against the seat’s front and can cause permanent damage to the spine. Whiplash can happen even if the neck muscles of the child are strong. This is particularly applicable to children who are younger, such as infants.A child who is facing forward is more likely to strike their head on the dashboard or window during a crash. Depending on the nature of the crash and speed at which the vehicle is moving the head may be forced backwards against the seat and could fracture the skull or the spinal cord.The current safety standards mandate that children remain rear-facing until they reach both 20 pounds and one year of age. The reason for this is that younger children do not have the neck strength to withstand a head-on collision, which is the most serious kind of car crash.The harness and tether will aid in keeping the child’s head stable and reduce neck strain. A child who is rear-facing will also be less likely to sustain head injuries as the impact will be cushioned by their seat.When you have a child under a year in a convertible car seat or an all-in-one seat that can be changed from front-facing to rear be sure to follow the guidelines of the manufacturer on when it is safe for your child to look towards the front. The guidelines will inform you whether or not to use a tether and the weight and height limits for that particular seat.Once your child has reached the maximum height or weight permitted by the car seat manufacturer, they can travel with a forward-facing seat with tether. Once they have outgrown this, it’s time to move into the booster seat.Seat boosterThere is no magic age or size at which kids can safely stop using a booster seat. The booster seat should be used until the child’s vehicle belt fits properly. This could happen anywhere between 8 and 13 years old.A booster increases the height of a child, so that they are able to sit upright in cars. The shoulder portion of a belt is also set so that it sits close to the chest, but not directly above. The lap part of the belt should be placed on the thighs, not on the stomach. Booster seats have a built-in belt guide to help ensure the belt is correctly positioned.Booster seats can be purchased with or without backrests. The most common type is a high-back booster which provides head and neck support for children. This is a great option for vehicles that have low backs, and no headrests. Backless boosters are cheaper but they don’t offer head or neck support. Certain all-in-one boosters allow you to switch between harness and booster modes, making them suitable for kids in harness mode up to about 65 pounds. They can also be used as a booster seat up to about 100 pounds.Some boosters come with an anchor system for lower anchors (LATCH) that connects to the vehicle’s lower anchors and a tether when available. Some boosters require the seat belt to hold them in place. Check your vehicle’s manual to determine if you are able to use the lower anchors on your car, and read the instructions for booster seats to learn how to utilize them.Some parents may be enticed to move their 30-pound 3-year-old child into a booster car seat because the child is becoming too tall to fit into a harness seat. But rushing to “graduate” your child out of the harness is dangerous. If the belt is too loose children could be severely injured or even die in a collision.Back seatEvery child should use the child safety seat or booster seat correctly installed as long as they can. Children who are too big for a rear facing car seat, or have exceeded the weight and height limits they should change to a forward-facing child restraint using a harness until they reach the maximum height allowed for this type of seat.When your baby is no longer in an infant car seat, they can be moved to a convertible or all-in-one car seat with a rear-facing seat. These seats are generally good for two years, or until the child reaches the maximum height and weight of the seat. Install the car safety seat on the middle seat of your vehicle. It is secured using the lower anchor system and seat belt.If car seat newborn has outgrown their rear-facing car seat, they can be placed in a child restraint that is front-facing equipped with a harness and tether. Typically, these seats can be used up to 57 inches in height or until your child is at the height and weight recommendations of the seat. The instructions from the manufacturer or a sticker on the car seat will inform you how tall and heavy it can support.All older children should be seated in the booster seat or on a lap belt in the vehicle, if possible. If not then they should use the middle back seat restraint. It is also recommended to not sit in front when the airbag is in use. Children who sit in the front seats are more likely to be injured in collisions since their bodies are smaller.You can take your child to an inspection station or car seat clinic to receive assistance selecting and installing the correct child safety seat. They can also find out if your car seat has been recalled for problems or safety concerns. You can then purchase one that’s compatible with your car and your child’s size. If you can’t try out a seat, check to see if it has a policy for refunds.